Common Commands
Help Commands
Command
|
Description
|
| compgen -c |
Show all commands
|
| compgen -a |
Show all alias commands
|
| compgen -A function |
Show available functions
|
man <command>
|
Show manual page of a command (more info than --help)
|
<command> --help
|
Show help page of a command (less info than man command)
|
<command> --version
|
Show version of a command
|
File & Folder Commands
| Command |
Description |
ls -lah
|
List files/folders in current directory (+infos)
|
mkdir newdir
|
Create a new folder
|
cd somefolder
|
Change/switch to another directory
|
cp file.txt file-copy.txt
|
Copy a file
|
mv file.txt file-renamed.txt
|
Rename a file
|
mv file.txt /tmp
|
Move file to another folder
|
rm file.txt
|
Remove a file
|
rm -rf folder
|
Remove entire folder (recursive)
|
ln -s original target
|
Create a symlink
|
pwd
|
Show path of current folder
|
chown <arguments> <user>:<group> file.txt
Change Owner and Group of file (use -R for rekursive)
Search & String Commands
| Command |
Description |
find . -name file.txt
|
Search for a file (recursive)
|
grep -rin "search string"
|
Search for a string in current folder (recursive)
|
grep -rin "search string" | cut -c 1-100
|
Search for a string in current folder + limit output of string
|
sed -Ei 's/someString/newString/g' file.txt
|
Replace "someString" with "newString" in a file
|
head file.txt
|
Show first 10 lines of file
|
tail file.txt
|
Show last 10 lines of file
|
cat file.txt
|
Show full content of file
|
cat file.txt | grep "search string"
|
Pipe output of "cat" command to grep + filter string
|
OS Helper Commands
| Command |
Description |
du -csh .
|
Show size of current folder
|
df -h
|
Show partitions / drives
|
lsb_release -a
|
Show OS Version / Informations
|
Remote / Host Commands
| Command |
Description |
wget https://www.somewhere495848.com/test.txt
|
Download a file
|
curl -LI https://www.google.com
|
Show Header Informations of URL
|
|
|
whois <host>
|
Show NS, DNS, Register about a host (e.g.: whois google.com)
|
host <host>
|
DNS Lookup of a host (e.g.: host google.com)
|
dig <host>
|
DNS Lookup of a host (verbose) (e.g.: dig google.com)
|
|
|
rsync -avz myfolder somehost:/var/www/
|
Sync a folder to a remote host and specific path
|
rsync -avz somehost:/var/www/ .
|
Sync from remote host and specific path to local folder
|
| rsync -avz <dirSource> <dirTarget> |
Sync entire Folder (locally)
|
| rsync -avz <dirSource>/ <dirTarget> |
Sync only contents of folder (locally)
|
Command-Line Operators
| Command |
Description |
<command> > file.txt
|
Write output of a command into a file (creates/overwrites file)
|
<command> >> file.txt
|
Write output of a command into a file (appends at end of file)
|
<command1> && <command2>
|
Do command2 only if command1 succeeds
|
<command1> || <command2>
|
Do command2 only if command1 fails
|
<command1> | <command2>
|
Pipe command1 output into command2
|
!
|
Negation Operator (e.g. find . ! -user "root")
|
More about operators: linux-command-operators
|
|
Other helpful Commands
| Command |
Description |
htop
|
Very helpful utility to show all process, cpu, ram, ..
|
ps aux | grep http
|
Show processes who accesses http
|
which <command>
|
Show path location of a command
|
history | tail
|
Show last 10 lines of your history (commands)
|
bash myCustomScript.sh
|
Execute a custom shell script
|
|
|
tar -cvf file.tar myfolder
|
Create a compressed tar file of a folder
|
tar -xvf file.tar
|
Extract a compressed tar file
|
zip -r file.zip myfolder
|
Create a compressed zip file
|
unzip file.zip
|
Extract a compressed zip file
|
