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Common Commands

Help Commands
Help CommandsCommand
Description
compgen -c Show all commands
compgen -a Show all alias commands
compgen -A function Show available functions
man <command>
 Show manual page of a command (more info than --help)
<command> --help
 Show help page of a command (less info than man command)
<command> --version
 Show version of a command
File & Folder Commands

Command
Description
ls -lah
 List files/folders in current directory (+infos)
mkdir newdir
 Create a new folder
cd somefolder
 Change/switch to another directory
cp file.txt file-copy.txt
 Copy a file
mv file.txt file-renamed.txt
 Rename a file
mv file.txt /tmp
 Move file to another folder
rm file.txt
 Remove a file
rm -rf folder
 Remove entire folder (recursive)
ln -s original target
 Create a symlink
pwd
 Show path of current folder
Search & String Commands

Command
Description
find . -name file.txt
 Search for a file (recursive)
grep -rin "search string"
 Search for a string in current folder (recursive)
grep -rin "search string" | cut -c 1-100
 Search for a string in current folder + limit output of string
sed -Ei 's/someString/newString/g' file.txt
 Replace "someString" with "newString" in a file
head file.txt
 Show first 10 lines of file
tail file.txt
 Show last 10 lines of file
cat file.txt
 Show full content of file
cat file.txt | grep "search string"
 Pipe output of "cat" command to grep + filter string
OS Helper Commands
OS Helper CommandsCommand
Description
du -csh .
 Show size of current folder
df -h
 Show partitions / drives
lsb_release -a
 Show OS Version / Informations
Remote / Host Commands

Command
Description
wget https://www.somewhere495848.com/test.txt
 Download a file
curl -LI https://www.google.com
 Show Header Informations of URL


whois <host>
 Show NS, DNS, Register about a host (e.g.: whois google.com)
host <host>
 DNS Lookup of a host (e.g.: host google.com)
dig <host>
 DNS Lookup of a host (verbose) (e.g.: dig google.com)


rsync -avz myfolder somehost:/var/www/
 Sync a folder to a remote host and specific path
rsync -avz somehost:/var/www/ .
 Sync from remote host and specific path to local folder
rsync -avz <dirSource> <dirTarget> Sync entire Folder (locally)
rsync -avz <dirSource>/ <dirTarget>  Sync only contents of folder (locally)
Command-Line Operators
Command-Line OperatorsCommand
Description
<command> > file.txt
 Write output of a command into a file (creates/overwrites file)
<command> >> file.txt
 Write output of a command into a file (appends at end of file)
<command1> && <command2>
 Do command2 only if command1 succeeds
<command1> || <command2>
 Do command2 only if command1 fails
<command1> | <command2>
 Pipe command1 output into command2
!
 Negation Operator (e.g. find . ! -user "root")
More about operators:
https://www.makeuseof.com/linux-command-line-chaining-operators/		  
Other helpful Commands
Other helpful CommandsCommand
Description
htop
 Very helpful utility to show all process, cpu, ram, ..
ps aux | grep http
 Show processes who accesses http
which <command>
 Show path location of a command
history | tail
 Show last 10 lines of your history (commands)
bash myCustomScript.sh
 Execute a custom shell script
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